Abstract
| Analgesic and anti-in?ammatory activities of Saponin fraction of aqueous extract of Caralluma dalzielii N. E. Brown in Wistar rats |
| Chinenye Jane Ugwah-Oguejiofor, Junaidu Almustapha |
| Background: Caralluma dalzielii N. E. Brown (Asclepiadaceae) is a cactus-like plant found mainly in the North-western Nigeria. Scientic research has revealed its anti-inammatory and analgesic properties making it a potential lead for newer analgesic medication. The increasing demand for natural products and numerous biological activities of saponins have made it a commercially signicant compound with more applications in pharmaceutical industries. This study was conducted to evaluate the anti-inammatory and analgesic properties of the saponin-rich fraction of the aqueous extract of Caralluma dalzielii in rats. Materials and methods: Aqueous extract of Caralluma dalzielii was prepared by cold maceration. Saponin fraction was obtained following standard procedures. Oral acute toxicity study was carried out on the fraction using the up and down method of acute toxicity testing at a limit dose of 2000 mg/kg. The analgesic activity was tested using tail-ick model and the anti-inammatory activity was evaluated using formalin-induced paw oedema in rats. Results: At 2000 mg/kg the fraction produced no mortality or obvious toxicity signs in the rats. The inhibition of oedema in the formalin test was signicantly (p<0.05) increased with increase in dose of the fraction. The difference became more signicant within the rst two hours with the exception of 100 mg/kg dose in which the inhibition was not consistent. The saponin-rich fraction of the extract showed signicant analgesic effect by markedly prolonging tail-ick reaction time. Results: At 2000 mg/kg the fraction produced no mortality or obvious toxicity signs in the rats. The inhibition of oedema in the formalin test was signicantly (p<0.05) increased with increase in dose of the fraction. The difference became more signicant within the rst two hours with the exception of 100 mg/kg dose in which the inhibition was not consistent. The saponin-rich fraction of the extract showed signicant analgesic effect by markedly prolonging tail-ick reaction time. Conclusion: This study has shown that the saponin-rich fraction of Caralluma dalzielii with LD greater than 2000 mg/kg, possesses potent analgesic and anti-inammatory activities. |
| 10.47838/acem.26011977.127122021.asmeda.1.4 |
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